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Data as of Nov 13, 2026

169.231.0.0/16

1 anonymizer address · <0.01% · VPN204 residential-proxy exits · 30 days

University of California, Santa Barbara · space held by University of California - Office of the President

Announcement
this exact prefix
No RPKI
Announced by
AS131
Type
Business
>99% of it

Residential-proxy exits

Proxy exits
204
0.31% of its addresses · 30 days
Spread
116 of 256
/24s with at least one exit
Providers
77
selling exits here
Oct 14, 2026 – Nov 11, 2026

Exits seen per day

20K observations
  • VPN · anonymizer
  • Business

/24s with the most always-on exits

/24Always-on exitsProxy exits
169.231.103.0/2406
169.231.240.0/2406
169.231.21.0/2405
169.231.26.0/2404
169.231.153.0/2404
169.231.107.0/2404
169.231.114.0/2404
169.231.151.0/2404
169.231.23.0/2404
169.231.27.0/2404
169.231.144.0/2403
169.231.100.0/2403
169.231.148.0/2403
169.231.29.0/2403
169.231.120.0/2403
169.231.31.0/2403
169.231.119.0/2403
169.231.34.0/2403
169.231.19.0/2403
169.231.109.0/2403
169.231.152.0/2403
169.231.241.0/2403
169.231.54.0/2402
169.231.117.0/2402

Proxy providers listing exits

  • 9Proxy
  • Ake.net
  • AnyIP
  • BartProxies
  • BirdProxies
  • BottingTools
  • BuyingProxy
  • ByteProxies
  • Byteful
  • CatProxies
  • CliProxy
  • ColaProxy
  • DataImpulse
  • Datarama
  • Decodo
  • EVOPROXY
  • EZProxies
  • EnigmaProxy
  • Evomi
  • FLEETPROXY
  • FastProxy
  • FlexyProxies
  • FloppyData
  • GSocks
  • Geonix
  • Geonode
  • GhostConnect
  • GloryCloud
  • GonzoProxy
  • HPROXY
  • HideProxy
  • IPFly
  • IPPeak
  • IPRoyal
  • Infatica
  • InfiniteProxies
  • LemonBright
  • LemonPrime
  • LightningProxies
  • LudaxProxy
  • MangoProxy
  • MoMoProxy
  • NextProxy
  • NodeProxy
  • NovProxy
  • NovaProxy
  • Oxylabs
  • PROXYON
  • PROXYSCRAPE
  • PacketStream
  • PrivateProxy
  • ProxiesVision
  • Proxiware
  • Proxmint
  • Proxy-Seller
  • Proxy4U
  • ProxyEmpire
  • ProxyGeo
  • ProxyHat
  • ProxyRack
  • ProxyWing
  • Proxying
  • Proxyma
  • PuraRoute
  • Q2IP
  • RainProxy
  • SPYDERPROXY_PREMIUM
  • Shifter
  • TORCHPROXIES_BASIC
  • TORCHPROXIES_PREMIUM
  • TORCHPROXIES_X
  • Thordata
  • ThunderProxy
  • VantageProxies
  • VitalExclusive
  • WealthProxies
  • ZENPROXY_LITE
IPv4 market

Path

1 · Holder
University of California - Office of the President
record created Aug 4, 1995
2 · Leased from
not leased
3 · Announced by
AS131 University of California, Santa Barbara
since May 2005 · 21.5 yr ago
4 · Use
VPN servicesnamed VPN Gate
Business

Operators, sellers and brokers

VPN services

NameParentIn 169.231.0.0/16/24s
VPN GateUniversity of Tsukuba
1<0.01%
1

Lineage

How this block came to its use, oldest first. The whole IPv4 market →

169.231.0.0/16

From the registry to its use

  1. Aug 4, 1995
    Registry record
    University of California - Office of the President
    Direct Allocation (legacy, pre-1997)
    169.229.0.0 - 169.233.255.255
  2. May 3, 2004
    Route object
    AS131 University of California, Santa Barbara
    RADB route object for AS131 University of California, Santa Barbara, maintainer MAINT-AS131
  3. May 17, 2004
    Assigned
    University of California, Santa Barbara
    Reassigned
    169.231.0.0/16
  4. May 9, 2005– today
    Announced
    AS131 University of California, Santa Barbara
    Business
  5. Nov 17, 2020
    Route object
    AS198949 Radware Ltd
    RADB route object for AS198949 Radware Ltd, maintainer MAINT-AS198949
  6. today
    Used
    VPN Gate
    VPN

Registrations in this block

The registry's network records over the announcement: those covering it, widest first, then every record inside it, under its parent.

RangeAddressesNetnameHolderTypeCreatedAbuse contact
169.229.0.0 - 169.233.255.255327,680UCSD-NET-169-228University of California - Office of the President (UCOP-Z) · USDirect AllocationAug 4, 1995noc@ucop.edu
└ 169.231.0.0/1665,536UCNET-BLK4-UCSBUniversity of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) · USReassignedMay 17, 2004security@ucsb.edu

Composition

The types across the prefix's announced space, by addresses.

Announced space

Address share

Announced space

Types across the prefix

65,536 addresses
TypeAddressesShareRanges
Business65,535>99%2
VPNanonymizer1<0.01%1

Network & registry

AnnouncementRouting historyRPKI & IRRWhois & abuse
Routing timeline

Who has announced this prefix

Summary

Routing history

Pattern
Stable
First seen
May 2005
Current origin since
May 2005 · 22 yr
Origin networks
1