Data as of Nov 7, 2026
176.28.88.0/21
8 residential-proxy exits · 30 daysGamma Operadora de Comunicaciones S.A.
Residential-proxy exits
Proxy exits
8
0.39% of its addresses · 30 days
Spread
3 of 8
/24s with at least one exit
Providers
14
selling exits here
Oct 8, 2026 – Nov 6, 2026
Exits seen per day
89 observations
/24s with the most always-on exits
| /24 | Always-on exits | Proxy exits | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 176.28.90.0/24 | 0 | 5 | |
| 176.28.89.0/24 | 0 | 2 | |
| 176.28.91.0/24 | 0 | 1 |
Proxy providers listing exits
- AnyIP
- BestProxy
- CliProxy
- FastProxy
- IPFly
- IPPeak
- LemonBright
- NSocks
- NovProxy
- PuraRoute
- RainProxy
- Shifter
- Smartproxy
- VitalExclusive
Registrations in this block
The registry's network records over the announcement: those covering it, widest first, then every record inside it, under its parent.
| Range | Addresses | Netname | Holder | Type | Created | Abuse contact |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 176.28.88.0/21 | 2,048 | ES-VOZTELECOM-20110520 | Gamma Operadora de Comunicaciones S.A. (ORG-VSS4-RIPE) · ES | ALLOCATED PA | May 20, 2011 | abuse@ |
| └ 176.28.88.0/23 | 512 | VOZTELECOM | VozTelecom network | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 2, 2012 | abuse@ via ES-VOZTELECOM-20110520 |
| └ 176.28.90.0/23 | 512 | VOZTELECOM | VozTelecom network | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 25, 2014 | abuse@ via ES-VOZTELECOM-20110520 |
| └ 176.28.92.0/22 | 1,024 | VOZTELECOM | VozTelecom network | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 25, 2014 | abuse@ via ES-VOZTELECOM-20110520 |
A contact marked “via” is the registry's: the record names none of its own, so the registry hands down its parent's.
Network & registry
Origin network
AS29680
ES
- Name
- Gamma Operadora de Comunicaciones S.A.
- Type
- Internet provider
- Registered
- Nov 11, 2003
- Domain
- gammacom.es
- Website
- www.gammacom.es
- Industry
- Internet Service Provider (ISP)
- Spamhaus ASN-DROP
- not listed
Routing timeline
Who has announced this prefix
Summary
Routing history
- Pattern
- Stable
- First seen
- Jun 2011
- Current origin since
- Jun 2011 · 15 yr
- Origin networks
- 1
RPKI
Route origin authorizations
| ROA prefix | ASN | Max len | Anchor | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 176.28.88.0/21 | AS29680 | /23 | RIPE | RPKI valid |
IRR
Route objects on the exact prefix
| Origin | Registry | Description | Maintainer | Modified |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AS29680 | RIPE | VozTelecom network | VOZTELECOM-MNT | May 25, 2011 |
IRR inside
Route objects inside
| Prefix | Origin | Registry | Description | Maintainer | Modified |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 176.28.88.0/23 | AS29680 | RIPE | VozTelecom VPN xDSLs + National DSLs | VOZTELECOM-MNT | Jun 3, 2013 |
| 176.28.90.0/23 | AS29680 | RIPE | VozTelecom BCN xDSLs | VOZTELECOM-MNT | Jul 17, 2013 |
| 176.28.92.0/22 | AS29680 | RIPE | VozTelecom BCN xDSLs & OF Access | VOZTELECOM-MNT | Mar 25, 2014 |
Whois
Registration for this announcement
- Range
- 176.
28. 88. 0/ 21 - Netname
- ES-VOZTELECOM-20110520
- Registrant
- Gamma Operadora de Comunicaciones S.A.
- Registrant country
- ES
- Organization
- Gamma Operadora de Comunicaciones S.A. (ORG-VSS4-RIPE)
- Org country
- ES
- Type
- ALLOCATED PA
- Created
- May 20, 2011
- Updated
- Sep 7, 2020
- Maintainer
- RIPE-NCC-HM-MNT
- RIR
- RIPE NCC
- Country
- ES
- Delegated
- May 20, 2011
- Status
- assigned
Report abuse
Abuse contact
- abuse@
voztelecom. net - Name
- VozTelecom Sistemas SL
- Handle
- VT1211-RIPE