Data as of Nov 4, 2026
62.176.32.0/19
No anonymizer space · no proxy exits in 30 daysVerizon Business · space held by Verizon Finland Oy
Registrations in this block
The registry's network records over the announcement: those covering it, widest first, then every record inside it, under its parent.
| Range | Addresses | Netname | Holder | Type | Created | Abuse contact |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 62.176.32.0/19 | 8,192 | FI-UUNET-20000515 | Verizon Finland Oy (ORG-UA9-RIPE) · FI | ALLOCATED PA | Apr 23, 2002 | [email protected] |
| └ 62.176.32.0/24 | 256 | UUNET-FI-OFFICE | UUNT Finland OFFICE network | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.33.96/27 | 32 | AVID-FI | Avid Finland | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.33.168/29 | 8 | EKACHEMICALS-FI | Eka Chemicals | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.33.176/28 | 16 | STARTUPFACTORY-FI | Startup Factory Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.34.0/23 | 512 | IOBOX-FI | Iobox Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.36.0/24 | 256 | RTSE-FI | RTSe Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.38.0/24 | 256 | SULZERPUMPS-FI | Sulzer Pumps Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.39.0/24 | 256 | FORMUS-FI | Formus Communications Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.40.96/28 | 16 | UUNET-FI | UUNET Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.40.112/28 | 16 | GRAM-FI | Gram Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.40.160/27 | 32 | NOVELL-FI | Novell Finland Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.40.200/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-40-200 | 3M United Kingdom Public Limited Company | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 24, 2020 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.40.216/29 | 8 | GEAIRCRAFT-FI | GE Aircraft Engines Finland | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.40.224/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-40-224 | Ikea IT AB | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 28, 2020 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.40.232/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-40-232 | 3M United Kingdom Public Limited Company | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 23, 2020 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.40.240/28 | 16 | FRISKSEPPALA-FI | Frisk Seppala Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.41.0/24 | 256 | DELTAMARIN-FI | Deltamarin Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.42.0/25 | 128 | VZ-62-176-42-0 | P2P nets for Verizon end customers in Latvia | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 14, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.42.128/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-42-128 | IBM United Kingdom Limited | ASSIGNED PA | May 1, 2025 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.44.0/25 | 128 | DELTAMARIN-FI | Deltamarin Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.44.160/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-44-160 | Ikea IT AB | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 7, 2020 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.44.168/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-44-168 | 3M United Kingdom Public Limited Company | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 9, 2020 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.44.176/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-44-176 | Kone Corporation | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 25, 2020 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.44.184/29 | 8 | UUNET-FI | UUNET Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.44.192/28 | 16 | UUNET-FI | UUNET Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.44.224/29 | 8 | KWDOOR-FI | KW-Door Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.44.232/30 | 4 | VZ-62-176-44-232 | Kone Corporation | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 16, 2020 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.44.240/28 | 16 | FRISKTALI-FI | Frisk Finland Oy/ Tali | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.45.0/25 | 128 | VZ-62-176-45-0 | P2P nets for Verizon end customers in Lithuania | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 14, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.45.128/30 | 4 | VZ-62-176-45-128 | Bauwerk Group AG | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 11, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.45.132/30 | 4 | VZ-62-176-45-132 | Bauwerk Group AG | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 12, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.45.160/27 | 32 | VZ-62-176-45-160 | HCL America Inc. | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 23, 2025 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.45.192/27 | 32 | VZ-62-176-45-192 | HCL America Inc. | ASSIGNED PA | May 8, 2025 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.46.128/25 | 128 | MERCURI1-FI | Mercuri International, Helsinki | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.47.0/25 | 128 | VZ-62-176-47-0 | P2P nets for Verizon end customers in the Estonia | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 14, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.47.128/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-47-128 | Carpenter Co. | ASSIGNED PA | May 31, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.47.136/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-47-136 | Carpenter Co. | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 7, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.47.144/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-47-144 | IBM United Kingdom Limited | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 30, 2025 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.48.0/24 | 256 | RTSE-FI | RTSe Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.0/26 | 64 | BEASYS-FI | Beasystems Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.64/30 | 4 | VZ-62-176-49-64 | SAP SE | ASSIGNED PA | May 14, 2020 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.80/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-49-80 | 3M United Kingdom Public Limited Company | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 23, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.88/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-49-88 | 3M United Kingdom Public Limited Company | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 23, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.96/28 | 16 | VZ-62-176-49-96 | Kone Corporation | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 25, 2020 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.112/28 | 16 | MERCURIINTERACTIVE-FI | Mercuri Interactive Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.128/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-49-128 | Danfoss A/S | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 22, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.136/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-49-136 | Biogen MA Inc. | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 23, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.144/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-49-144 | Danfoss A/S | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 12, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.156/30 | 4 | VZ-62-176-49-156 | VERIZON | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 11, 2022 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.160/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-49-160 | Macgregor Finland OY | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 14, 2026 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.168/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-49-168 | Imax Corporation | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 7, 2022 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.184/30 | 4 | VZ-62-176-49-184 | Weir Group IP Limited | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 17, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.188/30 | 4 | VZ-62-176-49-188 | Fresenius Digital Technology GmbH | ASSIGNED PA | May 1, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.196/30 | 4 | VZ-62-176-49-196 | Cargotec Finland OY | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 16, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.200/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-49-200 | Bayer Business Services GmbH | ASSIGNED PA | May 2, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.208/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-49-208 | Konecranes Global OY | ASSIGNED PA | May 10, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.216/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-49-216 | Konecranes Global OY | ASSIGNED PA | May 10, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.224/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-49-224 | Konecranes Global OY | ASSIGNED PA | May 10, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.232/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-49-232 | Konecranes Global OY | ASSIGNED PA | May 11, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.240/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-49-240 | Konecranes Global OY | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 13, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.49.248/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-49-248 | Cargotec Corporation | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 5, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.50.0/24 | 256 | MERCURIINTERACTIVE-FI | Mercuri Interactive Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.51.0/24 | 256 | TECHDATA-FI | Tech Data Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.52.0/25 | 128 | VZ-62-176-52-0 | Cargotec Corporation | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 13, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.52.128/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-52-128 | OY IBM Finland AB | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 7, 2025 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.52.136/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-52-136 | Iqvia Inc. | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 26, 2026 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.52.208/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-52-208 | HCL Technologies Germany GmbH | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 1, 2026 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.52.224/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-52-224 | HCL Technologies Germany GmbH | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 1, 2026 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.54.0/25 | 128 | VZ-62-176-54-0 | Cargotec Corporation | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 20, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.54.128/27 | 32 | SUPERFASTFERRIES-FI | Superfast Ferries Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.54.168/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-54-168 | Danfoss AS | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 28, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.54.176/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-54-176 | Danfoss A/S | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 30, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.54.184/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-54-184 | Ikea IT AB | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 23, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.54.192/28 | 16 | STYROCHEM-FI | Styrochem Finland Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.54.216/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-54-216 | Zebra Technologies Corporation | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 30, 2020 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.54.224/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-54-224 | Tunstall Group Holdings Limited | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 31, 2022 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.54.232/30 | 4 | VZ-62-176-54-232 | Xerox Corporation | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 2, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.54.236/30 | 4 | VZ-62-176-54-236 | Biogen MA Inc. | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 6, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.54.240/30 | 4 | VZ-62-176-54-240 | Imax Corporation | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 7, 2022 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.54.244/30 | 4 | VZ-62-176-54-244 | Honeywell B V | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 1, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.54.248/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-54-248 | Danfoss A/S | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 13, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.0/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-0 | Weir Group IP Limited | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 27, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.8/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-8 | Konecranes Global OY | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 26, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.16/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-16 | Corning Incorporated | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 10, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.24/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-24 | Cargotec Corporation | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 11, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.32/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-32 | LAN order 46183830 | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 30, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.40/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-40 | HCL Technologies Germany GmbH | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 14, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.48/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-48 | HCL Technologies Germany GmbH | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 19, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.56/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-56 | Kalmar | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 17, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.64/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-64 | Kalmar | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 19, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.72/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-72 | Carpenter Co. | ASSIGNED PA | May 24, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.80/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-80 | Carpenter Co. | ASSIGNED PA | May 29, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.88/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-88 | Deere & Company | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 13, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.96/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-96 | Deere & Company | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 13, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.104/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-104 | Deere & Company | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 9, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.112/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-112 | B&R Industrial Automation GmbH | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 11, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.55.120/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-55-120 | LAN W/O 45983324 | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 21, 2024 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.56.0/23 | 512 | ALDATA-FI | Aldata Finland Oyj | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.58.0/24 | 256 | CONTRA-FI | Mainostoimisto Contra Oy | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.59.0/25 | 128 | MERCURI2-FI | Mercuri International, Tampere | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.59.128/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-59-128 | Danfoss A/S | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 8, 2020 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.59.136/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-59-136 | Switch, Ltd. | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 22, 2022 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.59.144/28 | 16 | FRISKALEXIUM-FI | Frisk Finland Oy/ Alexium | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.59.168/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-59-168 | Ikea IT AB | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 28, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.59.176/29 | 8 | DEIOIS-FI | Deio IS Helsinki | ASSIGNED PA | — | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.59.184/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-59-184 | IPM Ready | Location | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 24, 2020 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.59.192/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-59-192 | Danfoss A/S | ASSIGNED PA | May 27, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.59.208/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-59-208 | Danfoss A/S | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 1, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.59.216/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-59-216 | Danfoss A/S | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 1, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.59.224/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-59-224 | Danfoss A/S | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 8, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.59.232/29 | 8 | VZ-62-176-59-232 | Danfoss A/S | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 9, 2021 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.60.0/24 | 256 | VZ-62-176-60-0 | P2P nets for Verizon end customers in Finland | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 12, 2004 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.61.0/24 | 256 | MCI-UUNET-FI-LOOPBACK | MCI/UUNET Finland | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 12, 2004 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
| └ 62.176.62.0/23 | 512 | VZ-62-176-62-0 | P2P nets for Verizon end customers in Finland | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 14, 2023 | [email protected] via FI-UUNET-20000515 |
A contact marked “via” is the registry's: the record names none of its own, so the registry hands down its parent's.
Composition
The types across the prefix's announced space, by addresses.
Announced space
Address share
Announced space
Types across the prefix
8,192 addresses
| Type | Addresses | Share | Ranges | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet provider | 6,264 | 76% | 28 | |
| Business | 1,928 | 24% | 97 |
Network & registry
Origin network
AS702
US
- Name
- Verizon Business
- Type
- Internet provider
- Registered
- Aug 3, 1990
- Domain
- verizonbusiness.com
- Website
- www.verizon.com/business/
- Industry
- Internet Service Provider (ISP)
- Spamhaus ASN-DROP
- not listed
Routing timeline
Who has announced this prefix
Summary
Routing history
- Pattern
- Stable
- First seen
- May 2005
- Current origin since
- May 2005 · 21 yr
- Origin networks
- 1
IRR
Route objects on the exact prefix
| Origin | Registry | Description | Maintainer | Modified |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AS702 | RIPE | FI PA route | WCOM-EMEA-RICE-MNT | Jan 5, 2017 |
Whois
Registration for this announcement
- Range
- 62.176.32.0/19
- Netname
- FI-UUNET-20000515
- Registrant
- Verizon Finland Oy
- Registrant country
- FI
- Organization
- Verizon Finland Oy (ORG-UA9-RIPE)
- Org country
- FI
- Type
- ALLOCATED PA
- Created
- Apr 23, 2002
- Updated
- Apr 26, 2023
- Maintainer
- RIPE-NCC-HM-MNT
- RIR
- RIPE NCC
- Country
- FI
- Delegated
- May 15, 2000
- Status
- assigned
Report abuse
Abuse contact
- [email protected]
- Name
- Abuse Verizon EMEA
- Handle
- AVE253-RIPE