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Data as of Nov 11, 2026

91.231.196.0/22

1 anonymizer address · 0.10% · VPN132 residential-proxy exits · 30 days

Joint stock company 'For'

Announcement
this exact prefix
RPKI valid
Announced by
AS48642
Type
Residential
>99% of it

Residential-proxy exits

Proxy exits
132
13% of its addresses · 30 days
Always-on exits
107
81% of its exits
Spread
2 of 4
/24s with at least one exit
Providers
51
selling exits here
Oct 12, 2026 – Nov 10, 2026

Exits seen per day

201K observations
  • VPN · anonymizer
  • Residential

/24s with the most always-on exits

/24Always-on exitsProxy exits
91.231.197.0/24107128
91.231.196.0/2404

Proxy providers listing exits

  • 2Captcha
  • 711Proxy
  • AnyIP
  • BirdProxies
  • BottingTools
  • Bright Data
  • ByteProxies
  • Byteful
  • CliProxy
  • CoreProxy
  • DataImpulse
  • Decodo
  • EnigmaProxy
  • Evomi
  • FlashProxy
  • FloppyData
  • GSocks
  • Geonix
  • Geonode
  • GoProxies
  • GonzoProxy
  • IPFly
  • IPRoyal
  • Infatica
  • Kookey
  • LemonBright
  • LemonLabs
  • LightningProxies
  • MangoProxy
  • Maskify
  • NodeProxy
  • NovaProxy
  • Oxylabs
  • PacketStream
  • Proxiware
  • Proxy-Seller
  • ProxyEmpire
  • ProxyHat
  • ProxyRack
  • ProxyWing
  • Proxyma
  • RainProxy
  • Shifter
  • Smartproxy
  • StrikeProxy
  • Thordata
  • ThunderProxy
  • VantageProxies
  • VitalExclusive
  • VitalProxy
  • Webshare
IPv4 market

Path

1 · Holder
Joint stock company "For"
record created Jun 18, 2025
2 · Leased from
not leased
3 · Announced by
AS48642 Joint stock company 'For'
since Oct 2024 · 2.1 yr ago
4 · Use
VPN servicesnamed VPN Gate
Residential

Operators, sellers and brokers

VPN services

NameParentIn 91.231.196.0/22/24s
VPN GateUniversity of Tsukuba
10.10%
1

Lineage

How this block came to its use, oldest first. The whole IPv4 market →

91.231.196.0/22

From the registry to its use

  1. Dec 4, 2011– Oct 19, 2024
    Announced
    AS198130 Salimov Rustam Khayriddinovich
    Hosting
  2. Oct 8, 2024– today
    Announced
    AS48642 Joint stock company 'For'
    Internet provider
  3. Oct 16, 2024
    Route object
    AS48642 Joint stock company 'For'
    RIPE route object for AS48642 Joint stock company 'For', maintainer GAMMA-SERVICE-MNT
  4. Jun 18, 2025
    Registry record
    Joint stock company "For"
    ASSIGNED PI
    91.231.196.0/22
  5. today
    Used
    VPN Gate
    VPN

Composition

The types across the prefix's announced space, by addresses.

Announced space

Address share

Announced space

Types across the prefix

1,024 addresses
TypeAddressesShareRanges
Residential1,023>99%2
VPNanonymizer10.10%1

Network & registry

AnnouncementRouting historyRPKI & IRRWhois & abuse
Routing timeline

Who has announced this prefix

Summary

Routing history

Pattern
Rotating
First seen
Dec 2011
Current origin since
Oct 2024 · 2.1 yr
Origin networks
2
Last change of origin
Oct 2024
Recorded history

History

Handoffs
1