LAYER3 INTEL
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Data as of Nov 13, 2026

157.231.44.0/24

4 residential-proxy exits · 30 days

Gamma Telecom Holdings Ltd · space held by Gamma Telecom Limited

Announcement
157.231.0.0/16
RPKI valid
Announced by
AS31655
Type
Residential
Risk
0 / 100 · Low

Residential-proxy exits

Proxy exits
4
1.6% of its addresses · 30 days
Always-on exits
1
25% of its exits
Providers
31
selling exits here
Oct 14, 2026 – Nov 12, 2026

Exits seen per day

4.3K observations

Proxy providers listing exits

  • 2Extract
  • Ake.net
  • Byteful
  • CatProxies
  • CliProxy
  • EnigmaProxy
  • FLEETPROXY
  • FastProxy
  • GloryCloud
  • IPFly
  • IPRoyal
  • LemonBright
  • LudaxProxy
  • NextProxy
  • NovProxy
  • NovaProxy
  • PROXYSCRAPE
  • PYPROXY
  • Proxiware
  • ProxyEmpire
  • ProxyRack
  • ProxyWing
  • Proxyma
  • PuraRoute
  • Q2IP
  • RainProxy
  • SPYDERPROXY_PREMIUM
  • TORCHPROXIES_X
  • TrueProxies
  • VantageProxies
  • ZENPROXY_LITE

Registrations in this block

The registry's network records over this block, widest first, each under its parent.

RangeAddressesNetnameHolderTypeCreatedAbuse contact
157.231.0.0/1665,536UK-GTL-19920131Gamma Telecom Limited (ORG-GTL19-RIPE) · GBLEGACYDec 31, 2018abuse@gamma.co.uk
└ 157.231.32.0/204,096GAMMA-DSLGamma DSL InfrastructureLEGACYMay 26, 2023abuse@gamma.co.uk
via UK-GTL-19920131

A contact marked “via” is the registry's: the record names none of its own, so the registry hands down its parent's.

Network & registry

AnnouncementRouting historyRPKI & IRRWhois & abuse
Routing timeline

Who has announced 157.231.0.0/16

157.231.0.0/16

Routing history

Pattern
Stable
First seen
Jun 2013
Current origin since
Jan 2019 · 7.8 yr
Origin networks
3
Last change of origin
Jan 2019
Recorded history

History

Handoffs
2