Data as of Nov 11, 2026
178.91.49.0/24
5 residential-proxy exits · 30 daysJSC Kazakhtelecom
Residential-proxy exits
Proxy exits
5
2.0% of its addresses · 30 days
Always-on exits
1
20% of its exits
Providers
40
selling exits here
Oct 12, 2026 – Nov 10, 2026
Exits seen per day
1.6K observations
Proxy providers listing exits
- 711Proxy
- 911Proxy
- BestProxy
- BirdProxies
- BottingTools
- BuyingProxy
- ByteProxies
- Byteful
- Datarama
- EnigmaProxy
- Evomi
- FlashProxy
- GSocks
- Geonix
- Geonode
- GonzoProxy
- Infatica
- InfiniteProxies
- LemonBright
- MangoProxy
- NSocks
- NodeProxy
- NovaProxy
- PROXYSCRAPE
- Proxy-Seller
- ProxyEmpire
- ProxyGeo
- ProxyWing
- Proxyma
- RainProxy
- ResiProxies
- Shifter
- Smartproxy
- Thordata
- ThunderProxy
- VantageProxies
- VibeProxies
- VitalData
- VitalExclusive
- ZENPROXY_PREMIUM
Announcements
Less specific
Covering announcements
| Prefix | Origin | Type | Proxy exits | Holder | RPKI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 178.88.0.0/14 since Dec 2009 | AS9198 | Residential | 64,548 1,642 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom |
Registrations in this block
The registry's network records over this block, widest first, each under its parent.
| Range | Addresses | Netname | Holder | Type | Created | Abuse contact |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 178.88.0.0/14 | 262,144 | KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 | JSC Kazakhtelecom (ORG-KDNA1-RIPE) · KZ | ALLOCATED PA | Nov 26, 2009 | abuse@ |
| └ 178.91.49.0/30 | 4 | SKVIKTORIA | SKVIKTORIA | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 16, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.4/30 | 4 | CAPE | CAPEINDUSTRIAL | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 5, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.8/30 | 4 | SANEPIDKONTR | Atyrau | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 27, 2024 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.12/30 | 4 | YASLISADZHAUKAZYN | Atyrau | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 30, 2024 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.16/30 | 4 | AIRENERGI | AIRENERGI | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 11, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.20/30 | 4 | TOOSALIMZHAN | Atyrau | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 23, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.24/30 | 4 | IPCLOUDATLAS | Atyrau | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 4, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.28/30 | 4 | SINOOIL | SINOOIL | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 29, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.32/28 | 16 | MEZHVEDOMRASCHETCENTRE | MEZHVEDOMRASCHETCENTRE | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 25, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.48/30 | 4 | POEHALISNAMI | Atyrau | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 6, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.52/30 | 4 | BDKN | Atyrau | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 7, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.56/30 | 4 | NORSECDELTAPROJECTS | Atyrau | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 12, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.60/30 | 4 | KAARBITR | Atyrau | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 26, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.64/29 | 8 | TOOKASPIYNYEFT | Atyrau | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 2, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.72/29 | 8 | DPDKAZAHSTAN | DPDKAZAHSTAN | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 27, 2012 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.80/30 | 4 | SCHOOL22 | SCHOOL22 | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 6, 2012 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.84/30 | 4 | LPTI | LPTI | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 6, 2012 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.88/30 | 4 | ODELKULTUR | Atyrau | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 14, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.92/30 | 4 | BECETAEVA | BECETAEVA | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 27, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.96/27 | 32 | RMCVIT | RMCVIT | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 6, 2012 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.128/30 | 4 | EATCATYRAU | EATCATYRAU | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 27, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.132/30 | 4 | MKLOMBARDKZ | The company with limited liability < MKLOMBARD > | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 27, 2016 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.136/29 | 8 | SATSENTRALASIA | SATSENTRALASIA | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 16, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.144/28 | 16 | TOOKAZAKHSTANPETROCHEMICALINDUSTRIESINC | Atyrau | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 24, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.160/30 | 4 | SHKOLAUALIKHANOVAZHASTALAP | Atyrau | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 12, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.164/30 | 4 | KGUSPETSSHKOLALITSEY | Atyrau | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 27, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.172/30 | 4 | ROSKAZDREV | ROSKAZDREV | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 28, 2012 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.176/29 | 8 | ATYRAUSUARNASY | ATYRAUSUARNASY | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 16, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.184/30 | 4 | STEPPLUS | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 16, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.188/30 | 4 | ATABA | ATABA | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 5, 2012 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.192/30 | 4 | BIOFOODTRADEWEST | BIOFOODTRADEWEST | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 16, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.196/30 | 4 | FUDMASTER | Limited Liability Company FoodMaster-Trade | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 6, 2012 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.200/30 | 4 | OHRANALESOVJIVOTMIRA | Atyrau | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 23, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.204/30 | 4 | ASTRAUNITED | ASTRAUNITED | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 10, 2012 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.208/29 | 8 | TOYOTATSUSHO | Toyota Tsusho | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 24, 2016 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.216/30 | 4 | POLIKLINIKA4 | Atyrau | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 8, 2024 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.220/30 | 4 | KASPI_ | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 2, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.91.49.224/27 | 32 | ASTRAUNITED | ASTRAUNITED | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 10, 2012 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
A contact marked “via” is the registry's: the record names none of its own, so the registry hands down its parent's.
Composition
The types across the prefix's announced space, by addresses.
Announced space
Address share
Announced space
Types across the prefix
256 addresses
| Type | Addresses | Share | Ranges | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Business | 252 | 98% | 38 | |
| Residential | 4 | 1.6% | 1 |
Network & registry
Announced by
Covering announcement 178.91.32.0/19
- Prefix
- 178.91.32.0/19
- Announced by
- AS9198 JSC Kazakhtelecom
- Type
- Residential
- Proxy exits
- 1,806
- Always-on exits
- 24
- RPKI
- RPKI valid
- Netname
- KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126
- Registrant
- JSC Kazakhtelecom
- RIR
- RIPE NCC
Origin network
AS9198
KZ
- Name
- JSC Kazakhtelecom
- Type
- Internet provider
- Registered
- Feb 23, 1999
- Domain
- telecom.kz
- Website
- www.telecom.kz
- Industry
- Internet Service Provider (ISP)
- Spamhaus ASN-DROP
- not listed
Routing timeline
Covering aggregate above, the prefix's own history below
178.91.32.0/19
Routing history
- Pattern
- Stable
- First seen
- Dec 2009
- Current origin since
- Aug 2025 · 1.3 yr
- Origin networks
- 1
RPKI
Route origin authorizations
| ROA prefix | ASN | Max len | Anchor | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 178.91.32.0/19 | AS9198 | /19 | RIPE | RPKI valid |
| 178.88.0.0/14 | AS9198 | /24 | RIPE | RPKI valid |
Whois
Registration for this announcement
- Range
- 178.
88. 0. 0/ 14 - Netname
- KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126
- Registrant
- JSC Kazakhtelecom
- Registrant country
- KZ
- Organization
- JSC Kazakhtelecom (ORG-KDNA1-RIPE)
- Org country
- KZ
- Type
- ALLOCATED PA
- Created
- Nov 26, 2009
- Updated
- Jun 23, 2016
- Maintainer
- RIPE-NCC-HM-MNT
- RIR
- RIPE NCC
- Country
- KZ
- Delegated
- Nov 26, 2009
- Status
- assigned
Report abuse
Abuse contact
- abuse@
telecom. kz - Name
- Kazakhtelecom Network Information Center
- Handle
- KNIC1-RIPE