Data as of Nov 4, 2026
178.88.0.0/16
17,178 residential-proxy exits · 30 daysJSC Kazakhtelecom
Residential-proxy exits
Proxy exits
17,178
26% of its addresses · 30 days
Always-on exits
170
0.99% of its exits
Spread
241 of 256
/24s with at least one exit
Providers
113
selling exits here
Oct 5, 2026 – Nov 3, 2026
Exits seen per day
1.0M observations
- Residential
- Business
/24s with the most always-on exits
| /24 | Always-on exits | Proxy exits | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 178.88.220.0/24 | 4 | 97 | |
| 178.88.144.0/24 | 4 | 86 | |
| 178.88.200.0/24 | 4 | 73 | |
| 178.88.135.0/24 | 4 | 50 | |
| 178.88.88.0/24 | 3 | 104 | |
| 178.88.221.0/24 | 3 | 96 | |
| 178.88.95.0/24 | 3 | 81 | |
| 178.88.210.0/24 | 3 | 79 | |
| 178.88.219.0/24 | 3 | 78 | |
| 178.88.124.0/24 | 3 | 77 | |
| 178.88.74.0/24 | 3 | 71 | |
| 178.88.207.0/24 | 3 | 67 | |
| 178.88.102.0/24 | 3 | 51 | |
| 178.88.103.0/24 | 3 | 45 | |
| 178.88.128.0/24 | 3 | 41 | |
| 178.88.149.0/24 | 2 | 115 | |
| 178.88.208.0/24 | 2 | 114 | |
| 178.88.145.0/24 | 2 | 106 | |
| 178.88.243.0/24 | 2 | 101 | |
| 178.88.18.0/24 | 2 | 86 | |
| 178.88.212.0/24 | 2 | 80 | |
| 178.88.217.0/24 | 2 | 78 | |
| 178.88.177.0/24 | 2 | 77 | |
| 178.88.222.0/24 | 2 | 75 |
Proxy providers listing exits
- 2Captcha
- 711Proxy
- 9Proxy
- Ake.net
- AnyIP
- B2Proxy
- BartProxies
- BestProxy
- BirdProxies
- BlurPath
- BottingTools
- Bright Data
- BuyingProxy
- ByteProxies
- Byteful
- CatProxies
- CliProxy
- DataImpulse
- Datarama
- Decodo
- EZProxies
- EnigmaProxy
- Evomi
- FastProxy
- FlashProxy
- FloppyData
- FuseProxy
- GSocks
- GeekProxy
- Geonix
- Geonode
- GhostConnect
- GloryCloud
- GoProxies
- GonzoProxy
- HideProxy
- HydraProxy
- IPCola
- IPFly
- IPOasis
- IPPeak
- IPRoyal
- Infatica
- InfiniteProxies
- KindProxy
- KocerRoxy
- Kookey
- LemonBright
- LemonLabs
- LemonPrime
- LightningProxies
- LudaxProxy
- MagneticProxy
- MangoProxy
- Maskify
- MoMoProxy
- NSocks
- NextProxy
- NiuProxy
- NodeMaven
- NodeProxy
- NovProxy
- NovaProxy
- Novada
- Oxylabs
- PSBProxy
- PacketStream
- PrivateByte
- PrivateProxy
- Proxies.fo
- ProxiesVision
- Proxio
- Proxiware
- Proxmint
- Proxy-Cheap
- Proxy-Seller
- Proxy302
- Proxy4U
- ProxyEmpire
- ProxyGeo
- ProxyHat
- ProxyRack
- ProxyStyler
- ProxyWing
- Proxying
- Proxyma
- PuraRoute
- Q2IP
- RainProxy
- RapidProxy
- RealProxy
- ResiProxies
- RoamProxy
- RolaProxy
- Shifter
- Smartproxy
- SpyderProxy
- StrikeProxy
- SwiftProxy
- TalorData
- Thordata
- ThunderProxy
- TrueProxies
- TrustProxy
- VProxy
- VantageProxies
- VibeProxies
- VitalData
- VitalExclusive
- VitalProxy
- WealthProxies
- Webshare
- YumiProxy
Announcements
Less specific
Covering announcements
| Prefix | Origin | Type | Proxy exits | Holder | RPKI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 178.88.0.0/14 since Dec 2009 | AS9198 | Residential | 65,643 2,034 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom |
Nesting
More-specifics by size
Sized by addresses, colored by each announcement's type. Click a tile with children to zoom in, a leaf to open it.
More specific
Announcements inside
| Prefix | Origin | Type | Proxy exits | Holder | RPKI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 178.88.32.0/20 since Mar 2019 | AS9198 | Residential | 1,174 4 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.48.0/20 since Mar 2019 | AS9198 | Residential | 1,154 1 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.72.0/21 since Aug 2016 | AS9198 | Residential | 448 11 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.80.0/21 since Sep 2017 | AS9198 | Residential | 432 8 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.88.0/22 since Dec 2017 | AS9198 | Residential | 361 7 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.92.0/22 since Dec 2017 | AS9198 | Residential | 298 7 always on | ||
| 178.88.96.0/21 since Mar 2019 | AS9198 | Residential | 348 12 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.104.0/21 since Oct 2016 | AS9198 | Residential | 556 1 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.115.0/24 since Mar 2019 | AS9198 | Residential | 1 | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.116.0/22 since Oct 2016 | AS9198 | Residential | 4 | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.120.0/21 since Jun 2017 | AS9198 | Residential | 538 14 always on | ||
| 178.88.128.0/21 since Aug 2016 | AS9198 | Residential | 332 13 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.144.0/21 since Dec 2013 | AS9198 | Residential | 786 10 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.152.0/22 since Dec 2013 | AS9198 | Residential | 231 6 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.156.0/22 since Nov 2016 | AS9198 | Residential | 208 3 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.161.0/24 since Mar 2019 | AS9198 | Hosting | JSC Kazakhtelecom | ||
| 178.88.166.0/24 since Jul 2021 | AS9198 | Residential | JSC Kazakhtelecom | ||
| 178.88.175.0/24 since Mar 2019 | AS9198 | Residential | JSC Kazakhtelecom | ||
| 178.88.176.0/22 since Jun 2017 | AS9198 | Residential | 335 4 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.200.0/21 since Mar 2019 | AS9198 | Residential | 555 16 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.208.0/20 since Oct 2016 | AS9198 | Residential | 1,364 27 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.224.0/20 since Mar 2019 | AS9198 | Residential | 1,414 3 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.240.0/20 since Sep 2016 | AS9198 | Residential | 1,750 4 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom |
Registrations in this block
The registry's network records over the announcement: those covering it, widest first, then every record inside it, under its parent.
| Range | Addresses | Netname | Holder | Type | Created | Abuse contact |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 178.88.0.0/14 | 262,144 | KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 | JSC Kazakhtelecom (ORG-KDNA1-RIPE) · KZ | ALLOCATED PA | Nov 26, 2009 | abuse@ |
| └ 178.88.0.0/19 | 8,192 | GPON_ | JSC Kazakhtelecom | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 10, 2020 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.32.0/20 | 4,096 | GPON_ | JSC Kazakhtelecom | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 10, 2020 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.48.0/20 | 4,096 | GPON_ | JSC Kazakhtelecom | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 10, 2020 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.64.0/26 | 64 | MTNMC_ | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 2, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.64.64/27 | 32 | KGU_ | Taldykorgan | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 7, 2023 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.64.96/28 | 16 | NCAGIP | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 14, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.64.120/29 | 8 | IP_ | LLC Alphasmart | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 13, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.64.128/28 | 16 | IP_ | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | May 4, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.64.144/29 | 8 | DIS | SC Kazakhtelecom, Information Technology Division | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 9, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.64.152/30 | 4 | IP_ | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 13, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.64.156/30 | 4 | DC_ | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 4, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.64.160/30 | 4 | MULD | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 2, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.64.164/30 | 4 | ZhTelecom | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 4, 2020 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.64.168/29 | 8 | ANYTECH | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 2, 2024 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.64.176/30 | 4 | INITIATIVE | LLP Initiative Media Kazakhstan | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 5, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.64.180/30 | 4 | ABZHKR | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 2, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.64.184/30 | 4 | FTS | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 26, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.64.192/26 | 64 | DIS | Ilya Chernushenko | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 29, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.0/29 | 8 | GUAPPARATAKIMAZHENBER | in Zhenber in Karaganda | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 12, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.8/29 | 8 | MTNMC_ | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 24, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.68/30 | 4 | ARAYOTDELOBRAZOVANIYA | SULUKOLSCHOLA | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 12, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.72/30 | 4 | ARAYOTDELOBRAZOVANIYA | SULUKOLSCHOLA | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 12, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.80/30 | 4 | Poliklinika_ | GKKP «Kentauskaya gorodskaya poliklinika Upr. Zdav. Akimata UKO» | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 29, 2016 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.84/30 | 4 | ENBEKSKAYAOSH | in Aktobe | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 15, 2010 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.96/30 | 4 | ORYNBASAROVASSH | in Aktobe | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 15, 2010 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.100/30 | 4 | SULEYMENOVASH | SULEYMENOVASH | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 21, 2010 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.104/30 | 4 | AYAKKUMSKAYASH | AYAKKUMSKAYASH | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 21, 2010 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.108/30 | 4 | STUDENCHESKAYASH | STUDENCHESKAYASH | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 21, 2010 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.112/30 | 4 | PS3_ | PS3 Aktogai | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 26, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.116/30 | 4 | KHAZRETOVSKAYASH | KHAZRETOVSKAYASH | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 21, 2010 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.120/30 | 4 | PS3_ | PS3 Aktogai | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 26, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.124/30 | 4 | PS3_ | PS3 Aktogai | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 26, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.144/30 | 4 | STPORT | AO Sartas Teniz porty, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 23, 2010 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.148/30 | 4 | GU_ | Shkola Tumenka SKO Akkaiynskogo Raiona SKO | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 12, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.152/30 | 4 | ShkolaShair | ShkolaShair | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 12, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.156/30 | 4 | MAMYTSKAYASH | MAMYTSKAYASH | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 6, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.160/30 | 4 | AKTASTINSKAYASH | AKTASTINSKAYASH | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 6, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.164/30 | 4 | BASKUDUKSKAYASH | BASKUDUKSKAYASH | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 6, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.168/30 | 4 | SARATSKAYASH | SARATSKAYASH | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 6, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.172/30 | 4 | USHKATTINSKAYASH | USHKATTINSKAYASH | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 6, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.176/30 | 4 | ZHABASAKSKAYASH | ZHABASAKSKAYASH | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 6, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.180/30 | 4 | MMKarkaralyABBBO | Karkaralinsk | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 28, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.184/30 | 4 | MMKarkaralyABBBO | Karkaralinsk | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 28, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.188/30 | 4 | MMKarkaralyABBBO | Karkaralinsk | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 28, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.192/30 | 4 | MMKarkaralyABBBO | Karkaralinsk | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 28, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.200/30 | 4 | BOBEK | Detskii SAD "Bobek" | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 13, 2016 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.224/30 | 4 | BOLGARSKAYASSH | BOLGARSKAYASSH | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 11, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.228/30 | 4 | KGUShMoldagalieva | in Semey | ASSIGNED PA | May 22, 2023 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.232/30 | 4 | ESETBATYRASHKOLASAD | ESETBATYRASHKOLASAD | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 11, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.236/30 | 4 | Kamkaly | school Kamkaly | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 25, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.240/30 | 4 | PKD_ | PKD Belagash | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 5, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.244/30 | 4 | BORSU | a.Borsu | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 3, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.65.248/29 | 8 | CELINNAYA_ | Otdel obrazovaniya auliekolskogo rayona | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 9, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.0/30 | 4 | GUApAkKensaiSO | Zaisan | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 23, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.4/30 | 4 | ENGINEERING | LLP RTC Engineering | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 31, 2015 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.8/30 | 4 | ROMAT | AF LLP Farmacevticheskaya Kompaniya Romat | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 31, 2015 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.12/30 | 4 | URAYOTDELOBRAZOVANIYA | Aktobe | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 12, 2022 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.16/30 | 4 | AKMOL_ | JSC Kazakhtelecom, Akmola Affiliate | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 22, 2012 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.20/30 | 4 | OTIS | Almaty, Ivana Panfilova st. 101 | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 11, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.24/30 | 4 | WNET | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 7, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.28/30 | 4 | NATGEO | GU ILE-Alatausky Gosudarstvenniy National Prirodniy Park | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 29, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.32/28 | 16 | JKEYIN | LLP "J Key Innovation" | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 28, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.48/30 | 4 | ALMGEODESY | Konaev | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 10, 2022 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.52/30 | 4 | Senim_ | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 29, 2024 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.56/30 | 4 | ACCEPT | JSC "Accept-Terminal" | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 29, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.60/30 | 4 | HIRA | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 15, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.64/30 | 4 | RNTB | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 9, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.68/30 | 4 | PROPITANIE | LLP "PROPITANIE.KZ" | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 30, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.72/30 | 4 | PS_ | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 24, 2024 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.80/30 | 4 | KSN_ | AO NK KSN | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 25, 2016 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.84/30 | 4 | OKHOOTOZOOPROM | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 4, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.88/30 | 4 | PHAETON | LLP "Phaeton DC" | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 16, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.92/30 | 4 | APEKS | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 13, 2023 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.96/30 | 4 | LEGPROEKT | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 30, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.104/30 | 4 | BAVARIA | LLP TD Autocenter Bavaria | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 5, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.108/30 | 4 | TSENTR_ | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 6, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.128/30 | 4 | TURIST | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 10, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.136/30 | 4 | KGUOOSrShRahm | KGU Obsheobrazovatelnaya srednaya shkola imeni E.Rahmadieva | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 17, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.140/30 | 4 | PKDKI2 | PKDKI2 | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 21, 2012 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.144/30 | 4 | KoianbaiSsh | IP Koianbaiskaia Sosh | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 13, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.156/30 | 4 | KAZAHINSTRAH_ | KAZAHINSTRAH LLP, Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 26, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.160/30 | 4 | SHK_ | Eskeldinskii Aldabergenovo | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 28, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.164/30 | 4 | SHK_ | Eskeldinskii, Aldabergenovo | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 5, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.172/30 | 4 | KAZAHINSTRAH_ | KAZAHINSTRAH LLP, Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 26, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.176/30 | 4 | ENBEK_ | Internet Mektep GU SH Enbek | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 7, 2016 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.180/30 | 4 | GUApparatAkimaSSuyksu | GUApparatAkimaSSuyksu | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 6, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.184/30 | 4 | GUOtdelObrazovania | Karaganda | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 6, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.188/30 | 4 | MMKarkaralyABBBO | Karagandinskaya obl. | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 20, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.192/30 | 4 | KAZAHINSTRAH_ | KAZAHINSTRAH LLP, Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 26, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.196/30 | 4 | KAZAHINSTRAH_ | KAZAHINSTRAH LLP, Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 26, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.200/30 | 4 | EBRD_ | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 6, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.204/30 | 4 | PKD_ | Shemonaihinskiy RUT | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 11, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.208/30 | 4 | KOST_ | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 1, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.212/30 | 4 | KAZAHINSTRAH_ | KAZAHINSTRAH LLP, Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 26, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.216/30 | 4 | KAZAHINSTRAH_ | KAZAHINSTRAH LLP, Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 26, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.220/30 | 4 | DOMMAMY | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 23, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.224/30 | 4 | KAZAHINSTRAH_ | KAZAHINSTRAH LLP, Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 27, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.228/30 | 4 | PKD_ | Prigorodniy RUT | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 22, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.232/30 | 4 | PKD_ | Prigorodniy RUT | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 22, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.236/30 | 4 | KORGALZHOTDOBR | Korgalzh Otdobr | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 2, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.240/30 | 4 | ShkolaSayak29 | Shkola 29 p.Sayak Y | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 28, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.244/30 | 4 | UlutauskiiROO | Ulutauskii Raionnii Otdel Obrazovaniya | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 25, 2011 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.248/30 | 4 | RUTKARA | RUTKARA | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 5, 2016 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.66.252/30 | 4 | POBEDA_ | Pobeda middle school | ASSIGNED PA | May 10, 2012 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.67.4/30 | 4 | PS_ | Taldykorgan | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 24, 2024 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.67.16/30 | 4 | EL_ | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 15, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.67.20/30 | 4 | EL_ | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | May 8, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.67.56/29 | 8 | ECUS | Ecus SOC | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 15, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.12/30 | 4 | KAZAX | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 23, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.16/30 | 4 | MTNMCKazakhtelecomDSC | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 3, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.20/30 | 4 | LITUS | IE "Litus I.A." | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 6, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.32/28 | 16 | DIS | SC Kazakhtelecom, Direction of Information Systems | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 13, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.48/30 | 4 | IP_ | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 23, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.52/30 | 4 | IP_ | Sergey Yandulsky | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 13, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.56/29 | 8 | IP_ | SP "Glazunov Alexey" | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 15, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.64/28 | 16 | IP_ | Vaganov Evgeniy | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 6, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.80/30 | 4 | SUPPLY | LLP "Q&universal Supply" | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 7, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.88/30 | 4 | MULTIK | LLP Credit Association Multigroup | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 7, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.92/30 | 4 | JKEYIN | LLP "J Key Innovation" | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 19, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.96/30 | 4 | APPLE_ | LLP Hlebobulochnyi Kombinat Almatynan | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 19, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.100/30 | 4 | AZIASERTIK | LLP "QS Azia Sertik" | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 8, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.104/30 | 4 | DAIKT | DAIKT affiliate GSC Kazakhtelecom | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 9, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.108/30 | 4 | DAIKT | DAIKT affiliate GSC Kazakhtelecom | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 9, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.112/30 | 4 | SATORYKZ | Satory LLP | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 9, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.160/30 | 4 | DARIN | LLP "Darin Tel" | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 24, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.164/30 | 4 | KUATWT | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 1, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.168/29 | 8 | IP_ | Baigabulov Erlan | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 12, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.176/29 | 8 | RAHATKZ | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 13, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.184/30 | 4 | KGUTURIZM | KGU Upravlenye Turizma Goroda Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 14, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.188/30 | 4 | MEKHANIKA_ | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 31, 2024 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.192/30 | 4 | APPLE_ | GKKP Almatinskii Zoopark | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 24, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.196/30 | 4 | ECOPOL | JSC Strahovaya Kompaniya Ecopolis | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 14, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.200/30 | 4 | OOTSKZ | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 28, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.204/30 | 4 | AHSEL | Branch of JSC "AHSEL STROIT. PODRYAD. I TORG. KO. INK" | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 14, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.208/30 | 4 | PALEXKZ | LLP "Palex Kazakhstan" | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 15, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.212/30 | 4 | IP_ | LLC Kolesa | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 11, 2024 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.216/29 | 8 | DIS | SC Kazakhtelecom, Information Technology Division | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 30, 2024 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.224/28 | 16 | IP_ | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 20, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.68.244/30 | 4 | UPKLTALM | GU "Upravlenie Kultury Goroda Almaty" | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 20, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.0/28 | 16 | UNIKAINAR | Uchrezhdenie "Universitet Kainar" | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 19, 2016 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.16/29 | 8 | ip_ | Colocation | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 5, 2023 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.24/29 | 8 | PERMIK | IE "Permina A.I." | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 16, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.32/30 | 4 | LOYALTY_ | LLP "Loyalty Program Manager" | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 26, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.36/30 | 4 | PENOPLEX | LLP "Penoplex" | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 26, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.40/30 | 4 | CHL_ | IE Nasyrov T.P. | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 26, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.44/30 | 4 | ATEKPS | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 6, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.48/28 | 16 | EVROSTRAH | JSC Company PO Strahovaniyu Zhizni "Europe Insurance Company" | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 15, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.64/29 | 8 | EVROSTRAH | LLP Insurance | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 25, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.72/29 | 8 | VIKAKZ | LLP ?vika Kazakhstan? | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 28, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.80/30 | 4 | NEGMEDJANOV | IS Negmedjanov | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 25, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.84/30 | 4 | ABM_ | LLP «abm Logistics» | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 28, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.88/30 | 4 | DIA_ | LLP "DIA Engineering Group" | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 28, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.92/30 | 4 | BLACKBONE | IE Blackbone | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 28, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.96/27 | 32 | BCINDUSTRY | LLP "BC Industry" | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 20, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.128/30 | 4 | VIDEON | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 8, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.132/30 | 4 | SHEK | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 19, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.136/30 | 4 | ORLEU | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 19, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.140/30 | 4 | SUMBE_ | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 25, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.144/30 | 4 | GU_ | Konaev | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 23, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.148/30 | 4 | KIPROS | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 22, 2022 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.152/30 | 4 | INVI | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 29, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.160/27 | 32 | BURO | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 25, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.69.192/26 | 64 | KT_ | LLP "KT Cloud Lab " | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 26, 2016 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.0/28 | 16 | SCOTHND | LLP "Scot Holland" | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 22, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.16/30 | 4 | ABCOM | LLP "?sia Beer Company" | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 23, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.28/30 | 4 | AZIA | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 19, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.32/30 | 4 | TENGIZTRANSGUPRO | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 23, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.40/29 | 8 | telecom_ | Colocation (Rent a Rack) | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 2, 2023 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.60/30 | 4 | MTNMC_ | Astana | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 5, 2022 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.64/27 | 32 | SmartApps | Co-location | ASSIGNED PA | Apr 13, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.96/29 | 8 | ITSCOM | Co-location | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 26, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.108/30 | 4 | RGPMZ | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 24, 2021 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.112/29 | 8 | DIS | Marat Latfulin | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 20, 2016 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.120/30 | 4 | APLOM | LLP Activ Plus Lombard | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 28, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.124/30 | 4 | ULAI | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 13, 2019 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.128/30 | 4 | SEVOS | IE Sevostyanova | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 26, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.132/30 | 4 | TECHNOGRAD | LLP Technograd | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 26, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.136/30 | 4 | RGROUP | LLP "R-Group Trans" | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 26, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.140/30 | 4 | UTKZ | LLP "Utel KZ" | ASSIGNED PA | Jul 31, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.144/30 | 4 | INFOSERT | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | May 19, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.148/30 | 4 | MIRZAYEV | IE "Mirzayev Aziz Abdula" | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 2, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.152/30 | 4 | CYBERSPORTSOL | LLP "Cybersport SOL" | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 4, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.156/30 | 4 | KAZGIDROMET | FL RGP NA PHV "Kazgidromet" MIN-VA Energetiki RK | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 4, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.164/30 | 4 | ZAVOD_ | LLP "Zavod Electrokabel" | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 20, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.168/30 | 4 | KAZFARMA | LLP "Kazakhstan Farma" | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 8, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.172/30 | 4 | SMARTMARKET | LLP Smart Marketing Agency | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 29, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.176/29 | 8 | GEODEZ_ | RGKP ?kazgeodeziya? Kuzr MSH RK | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 11, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.188/30 | 4 | OVCHIN | IE Ovchinnikova | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 30, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.192/30 | 4 | BEAUTIFUL | LLP Beauty Prof | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 30, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.200/30 | 4 | NAUKA | RGU Centr NAUCHNO-TECH.INF PO Dokumentoved. I ARH.DELU KOM. Informacii I ARH MIN. Kult I INF. RK | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 5, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.204/30 | 4 | FOTOKOP | RGU Centr Labor. Mikrofotokopirov. I Restav. DOK.MAT. GOS. ARH. KOM. MIN. Kult I INF. RK | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 5, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.212/30 | 4 | SUDIYA | GU Departament PO Ispolneniyu Sudebnih Aktov Goroda Almaty MIN-VA Usticii RK | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 5, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.216/30 | 4 | MTNMC_ | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 20, 2023 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.220/30 | 4 | TRANS_ | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | May 30, 2023 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.224/30 | 4 | AKIMAT | KGU Apparat Akima G.ALMATY | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 5, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.240/30 | 4 | AKTASHIMPROM | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 25, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.244/30 | 4 | KTOWREALT | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Feb 23, 2023 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.248/30 | 4 | GOSKFD | RGU CEN.GOS. Arhiv KFD I ZVUK.KOM.INF. I ARH.MIN. Kult I INF. RK | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 5, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.70.252/30 | 4 | MERU_ | Almaty | ASSIGNED PA | Jun 1, 2022 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.71.0/30 | 4 | MLOMBARD | M-Lombard LLC | ASSIGNED PA | Aug 29, 2013 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
A contact marked “via” is the registry's: the record names none of its own, so the registry hands down its parent's.
Composition
The types across the prefix's announced space, by addresses.
Announced space
Address share
Announced space
Types across the prefix
65,536 addresses
| Type | Addresses | Share | Ranges | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residential | 59,563 | 91% | 213 | |
| Business | 5,716 | 8.7% | 877 | |
| Hosting | 257 | 0.39% | 2 |
Network & registry
Origin network
AS9198
KZ
- Name
- JSC Kazakhtelecom
- Type
- Internet provider
- Registered
- Feb 23, 1999
- Domain
- telecom.kz
- Website
- www.telecom.kz
- Industry
- Internet Service Provider (ISP)
- Spamhaus ASN-DROP
- not listed
Routing timeline
Covering aggregate above, the prefix's own history below
Summary
Routing history
- Pattern
- Stable
- First seen
- Dec 2009
- Current origin since
- Mar 2019 · 7.7 yr
- Origin networks
- 1
RPKI
Route origin authorizations
| ROA prefix | ASN | Max len | Anchor | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 178.88.0.0/16 | AS9198 | /24 | RIPE | RPKI valid |
| 178.88.0.0/14 | AS9198 | /24 | RIPE | RPKI valid |
IRR
Route objects on the exact prefix
| Origin | Registry | Description | Maintainer | Modified |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Mar 19, 2013 |
IRR inside
Route objects inside
| Prefix | Origin | Registry | Description | Maintainer | Modified |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 178.88.0.0/19 | AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Jun 11, 2010 |
| 178.88.0.0/20 | AS9198 | RIPE | DIS | KNIC-MNT | Feb 15, 2010 |
| 178.88.0.0/24 | AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Jan 14, 2010 |
| 178.88.16.0/20 | AS9198 | RIPE | DIS | KNIC-MNT | Mar 1, 2010 |
| 178.88.32.0/19 | AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Jun 11, 2010 |
| 178.88.67.0/24 | AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Mar 14, 2011 |
| 178.88.69.0/24 | AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Aug 16, 2013 |
| 178.88.70.0/24 | AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Mar 14, 2011 |
| 178.88.88.0/21 | AS9198 | RIPE | DIS | KNIC-MNT | Sep 27, 2010 |
| 178.88.136.0/21 | AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Feb 1, 2013 |
| 178.88.152.0/21 | AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Feb 25, 2013 |
| 178.88.164.0/24 | AS9198 | RIPE | DIS | KNIC-MNT | Oct 11, 2011 |
| 178.88.166.0/23 | AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Apr 27, 2011 |
| 178.88.167.0/24 | AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Jul 29, 2011 |
| 178.88.176.0/21 | AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Sep 27, 2012 |
| 178.88.187.0/24 | AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Mar 17, 2012 |
| 178.88.188.0/22 | AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Oct 16, 2012 |
| 178.88.192.0/19 | AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Oct 26, 2011 |
| 178.88.192.0/20 | AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Mar 1, 2012 |
Whois
Registration for this announcement
- Range
- 178.
88. 0. 0/ 14 - Netname
- KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126
- Registrant
- JSC Kazakhtelecom
- Registrant country
- KZ
- Organization
- JSC Kazakhtelecom (ORG-KDNA1-RIPE)
- Org country
- KZ
- Type
- ALLOCATED PA
- Created
- Nov 26, 2009
- Updated
- Jun 23, 2016
- Maintainer
- RIPE-NCC-HM-MNT
- RIR
- RIPE NCC
- Country
- KZ
- Delegated
- Nov 26, 2009
- Status
- assigned
Report abuse
Abuse contact
- abuse@
telecom. kz - Name
- Kazakhtelecom Network Information Center
- Handle
- KNIC1-RIPE