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Data as of Nov 5, 2026

178.44.0.0/14

1 anonymizer address · <0.01% · VPN

PJSC Rostelecom

Announcement
this exact prefix
RPKI valid
Announced by
AS12389
Type
Residential
>99% of it

Residential-proxy exits

Proxy exits
65,310
25% of its addresses · listed by providers
Always-on exits
633
0.97% of its exits
Spread
844 of 1,024
/24s with at least one exit
Providers
118
selling exits here

/24s with the most always-on exits

/24Always-on exitsProxy exits
178.45.236.0/24150254
178.46.213.0/245255
178.46.211.0/245255
178.44.225.0/24560
178.47.141.0/24525
178.46.158.0/24524
178.47.37.0/24520
178.46.137.0/24513
178.46.214.0/244256
178.46.209.0/244256
178.46.212.0/244256
178.46.208.0/244255
178.44.68.0/24480
178.45.111.0/24479
178.45.155.0/24474
178.46.161.0/24421
178.46.156.0/24421
178.46.152.0/24421
178.46.215.0/243256
178.44.25.0/24384
178.45.209.0/24381
178.45.202.0/24375
178.45.81.0/24374
178.44.108.0/24373

Proxy providers listing exits

  • 2Captcha
  • 711Proxy
  • 9Proxy
  • Ake.net
  • AnyIP
  • B2Proxy
  • BartProxies
  • BestProxy
  • BirdProxies
  • BlurPath
  • BottingTools
  • Bright Data
  • BuyingProxy
  • ByteProxies
  • Byteful
  • CatProxies
  • CliProxy
  • ColaProxy
  • CoreProxy
  • DataImpulse
  • Datarama
  • Decodo
  • EZProxies
  • EnigmaProxy
  • Evomi
  • FastProxy
  • FlashProxy
  • FlexyProxies
  • FloppyData
  • FuseProxy
  • GSocks
  • GeekProxy
  • Geonix
  • Geonode
  • GhostConnect
  • GloryCloud
  • GoProxies
  • GonzoProxy
  • HideProxy
  • HydraProxy
  • IPCola
  • IPFly
  • IPOasis
  • IPPeak
  • IPRoyal
  • Infatica
  • InfiniteProxies
  • JoyProxy
  • KindProxy
  • Kookey
  • LemonBright
  • LemonLabs
  • LemonPrime
  • LightningProxies
  • LudaxProxy
  • MagneticProxy
  • MangoProxy
  • MarsProxies
  • Maskify
  • MoMoProxy
  • MrScraper
  • NSocks
  • NextProxy
  • NiuProxy
  • NodeMaven
  • NodeProxy
  • NovProxy
  • NovaProxy
  • Novada
  • Oxylabs
  • PSBProxy
  • PacketStream
  • PrivateByte
  • PrivateProxy
  • Proxies.fo
  • ProxiesVision
  • Proxio
  • Proxiware
  • Proxmint
  • Proxy-Cheap
  • Proxy-Seller
  • Proxy302
  • Proxy4U
  • ProxyEmpire
  • ProxyGeo
  • ProxyHat
  • ProxyRack
  • ProxyStyler
  • ProxyWing
  • Proxying
  • Proxyma
  • PuraRoute
  • Q2IP
  • RainProxy
  • RapidProxy
  • RealProxy
  • ResiProxies
  • RoamProxy
  • RolaProxy
  • Shifter
  • Smartproxy
  • SpyderProxy
  • StrikeProxy
  • SwiftProxy
  • TalorData
  • Thordata
  • ThunderProxy
  • TrueProxies
  • TrustProxy
  • VProxy
  • VantageProxies
  • VibeProxies
  • VitalData
  • VitalExclusive
  • VitalProxy
  • WealthProxies
  • Webshare
  • YumiProxy
IPv4 market

Path

1 · Holder
PJSC Rostelecom
record created Oct 31, 2011
2 · Leased from
not leased
3 · Announced by
AS12389 PJSC Rostelecom
since Sep 2018 · 8.2 yr ago
4 · Use
VPN servicesnamed VPN Gate
Residential

Operators, sellers and brokers

VPN services

NameParentIn 178.44.0.0/14/24s
VPN GateUniversity of Tsukuba
1<0.01%
1

Lineage

How this block came to its use, oldest first. The whole IPv4 market →

178.44.0.0/14

From the registry to its use

  1. Oct 31, 2011
    Registry record
    PJSC Rostelecom
    ALLOCATED PA
    178.44.0.0/14
  2. Jun 8, 2017
    Route object
    AS12389 PJSC Rostelecom
    RIPE route object for AS12389 PJSC Rostelecom, maintainer ROSTELECOM-MNT
  3. Sep 10, 2018– today
    Announced
    AS12389 PJSC Rostelecom
    Internet provider
  4. Oct 31, 2018
    Route object
    AS12389 PJSC Rostelecom
    RIPE route object for AS12389 PJSC Rostelecom, maintainer ROSTELECOM-MNT
    178.45.248.0/21
  5. Nov 2, 2018
    Route object
    AS12389 PJSC Rostelecom
    RIPE route object for AS12389 PJSC Rostelecom, maintainer ROSTELECOM-MNT
    178.45.236.0/24
  6. Nov 14, 2018
    Route object
    AS12389 PJSC Rostelecom
    RIPE route object for AS12389 PJSC Rostelecom, maintainer ROSTELECOM-MNT
    178.45.248.0/23
  7. today
    Used
    VPN Gate
    VPN

Announcements

Nesting

More-specifics by size

Sized by addresses, colored by each announcement's type. Click a tile with children to zoom in, a leaf to open it.
More specific

Announcements inside

Arrived
PrefixOriginTypeAnonymizer addressesOperatorProxy exitsHolderRPKI
178.44.0.0/19
since Aug 2017
AS12389Residential2,159
28 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.44.32.0/19
since Aug 2017
AS12389Residential2,147
19 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.44.64.0/20
since Aug 2017
AS12389Residential1,072
15 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.44.80.0/20
since Aug 2017
AS12389Residential808
4 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.44.96.0/21
since Aug 2017
AS12389Residential545
10 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.44.104.0/21
since Aug 2017
AS12389Residential555
7 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.44.112.0/20
since Aug 2017
AS12389Residential38
1 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.44.128.0/17
since May 2016
AS12389Residential7,599
94 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.45.0.0/20
since Apr 2016
AS12389Residential1,000
16 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.45.16.0/20
since Apr 2016
AS12389Residential1,001
9 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.45.32.0/19
since Jun 2016
AS12389Residential10.01%VPNVPN servicesoperated by VPN Gate2,445
20 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.45.64.0/18
since Jun 2016
AS12389Residential4,781
44 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.45.128.0/21
since May 2016
AS12389Residential637
4 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.45.136.0/21
since May 2016
AS12389Residential653
1 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.45.144.0/21
since Apr 2016
AS12389Residential488
8 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.45.152.0/21
since Apr 2016
AS12389Residential526
7 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.45.160.0/19
since Jun 2016
AS12389Residential2,403
23 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.45.192.0/21
since May 2016
AS12389Residential524
7 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.45.200.0/21
since May 2016
AS12389Residential577
14 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.45.208.0/20
since May 2016
AS12389Residential1,240
14 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.45.224.0/22
since Apr 2016
AS12389Residential245
4 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.45.228.0/22
since Apr 2016
AS12389Residential264
5 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.45.232.0/22
since Apr 2016
AS12389Residential240
7 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.0.0/20
since Mar 2017
AS12389ResidentialPJSC Rostelecom
178.46.16.0/20
since Apr 2017
AS12389Residential1,153PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.32.0/19
since Aug 2017
AS12389Residential1,951PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.64.0/18
since Nov 2017
AS12389Residential12,646PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.64.0/19
since Dec 2017
AS12389Residential6,297PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.64.0/20
since Apr 2019
AS12389Residential3,153PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.80.0/20
since Dec 2017
AS12389Residential3,144PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.80.0/23
since Sep 2024
AS12389Residential394PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.96.0/19
since Dec 2017
AS12389Residential6,349PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.96.0/20
since Dec 2017
AS12389Residential3,185PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.96.0/24
since Sep 2024
AS12389Residential205PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.112.0/20
since Mar 2019
AS12389Residential3,164PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.128.0/20
since Jul 2017
AS12389Residential48
11 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.144.0/20
since Apr 2017
AS12389Residential176
21 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.160.0/20
since Jul 2017
AS12389Residential168
23 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.176.0/20
since Aug 2017
AS12389Residential22
4 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.192.0/20
since Aug 2017
AS12389Residential1,257PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.208.0/20
since Mar 2017
AS12389Residential2,045
30 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.224.0/19
since Jul 2017
AS12389Residential5
1 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.46.240.0/20
since Mar 2024
AS12389ResidentialPJSC Rostelecom
178.47.0.0/20
since Aug 2017
AS12389Residential949PJSC Rostelecom
178.47.16.0/20
since Mar 2017
AS12389ResidentialPJSC Rostelecom
178.47.32.0/20
since Nov 2017
AS12389Residential60
12 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.47.48.0/20
since Mar 2017
AS12389Residential6
1 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.47.64.0/19
since Aug 2017
AS12389Residential6,108PJSC Rostelecom
178.47.96.0/19
since Aug 2017
AS12389Residential1,894PJSC Rostelecom
178.47.128.0/20
since Aug 2017
AS12389Residential127
17 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.47.144.0/20
since Mar 2017
AS12389Residential11
2 always on
PJSC Rostelecom
178.47.160.0/19
since Apr 2017
AS12389Residential2,123PJSC Rostelecom
178.47.160.0/20
since Nov 2024
AS12389Residential1,032PJSC Rostelecom
178.47.192.0/20
since Mar 2017
AS12389ResidentialPJSC Rostelecom
178.47.208.0/20
since Mar 2017
AS12389Residential1,250PJSC Rostelecom
178.47.224.0/21
since Mar 2017
AS12389ResidentialPJSC Rostelecom
178.47.232.0/21
since Mar 2017
AS12389ResidentialPJSC Rostelecom
178.47.240.0/20
since Aug 2017
AS12389Residential1,105PJSC Rostelecom

Registrations in this block

The registry's network records over the announcement: those covering it, widest first, then every record inside it, under its parent.

RangeAddressesNetnameHolderTypeCreatedAbuse contact
178.44.0.0/14262,144RU-RTK-20100209PJSC Rostelecom (ORG-JR8-RIPE) · RUALLOCATED PAOct 31, 2011abuse@rt.ru
└ 178.44.0.0/1732,768VOLGATELECOM-KIROV-DYNPOOL-22012010Dynamic IP Pools for customers in theASSIGNED PAMar 11, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.44.128.0/1732,768VOLGATELECOM-ORB-DYNPOOL-14012010Dynamic IP Pools for xDSL and FTTH subscribers of theASSIGNED PAMar 11, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.45.0.0/198,192VOLGATELECOM-SARANSK-DYNPOOL-290910Dynamic IP Pools for customers in theASSIGNED PAOct 1, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.45.32.0 - 178.45.127.25524,576VOLGATELECOM-SAMARA-TLT-DYNPOOL-122009Dynamic pools for clients in the Samara branchASSIGNED PAOct 19, 2011abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.45.128.0/204,096VOLGATELECOM-SARATOV-DYNPOOL-160211Dynamic Pools for xDSL and FTTH subscribersASSIGNED PAFeb 17, 2011abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.45.144.0/204,096VOLGATELECOM-SARANSK-DYNPOOL-090311Dynamic IP Pools for customers in theASSIGNED PAMar 9, 2011abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.45.160.0/198,192VOLGATELECOM-SAMARA-TLT-DYNPOOL-122009Dynamic pools for clients in the Samara branchASSIGNED PAOct 19, 2011abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.45.192.0/204,096VOLGA-ORB-DYNPOOL-29122011Dynamic IP Pools for xDSL and FTTH subscribers of theASSIGNED PADec 29, 2011abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.45.208.0/204,096VOLGA-SARATOV-DYNPOOL-130112Dynamic Pools for xDSL and FTTH subscribersASSIGNED PAJan 13, 2012abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.45.224.0/212,048VOLGATELECOM-SARANSK-DYNPOOL-240112Dynamic IP Pools for customers in theASSIGNED PAJan 24, 2012abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.45.232.0/212,048VOLGA-SARANSK-DYNPOOL-070212Dynamic IP Pools for customers in theASSIGNED PAFeb 7, 2012abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.45.240.0/212,048VOLGA-RESERVED-25-03-2013Reserved for future needsASSIGNED PAMar 25, 2013abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.45.248.0/23512VTK-AS-TECHNET2Technological IP address spaceASSIGNED PADec 30, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.45.250.0/23512VTK-AS-TECHNET2Technological IP address spaceASSIGNED PAFeb 15, 2012abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.45.252.0/24256VTK-AS-TECHNET3Technological IP address spaceASSIGNED PAFeb 15, 2012abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.45.253.0 - 178.45.255.255768VTK-AS-TECHNET4Technological IP address spaceASSIGNED PADec 26, 2012abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.46.0.0/221,024USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAJun 22, 2011abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.46.4.0/24256USI_ADSL_Leased_LineStatic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAJun 22, 2011abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.46.5.0 - 178.46.15.2552,816USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAJun 22, 2011abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.46.16.0/204,096USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAApr 12, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.46.32.0/198,192USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PADec 23, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.46.64.0/1816,384USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAApr 19, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.46.128.0/204,096USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAMay 31, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.46.144.0/204,096USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAJul 19, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.46.160.0/204,096USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAAug 4, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.46.176.0/23512USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAFeb 7, 2011abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.46.178.0 - 178.46.191.2553,584USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAFeb 7, 2011abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.46.192.0/204,096USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAOct 5, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.46.208.0/204,096USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAOct 18, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.46.224.0/198,192USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAOct 18, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.0.0/204,096USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAOct 18, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.16.0/204,096USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAOct 18, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.32.0/23512USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PADec 23, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.34.0 - 178.47.47.2553,584USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAMar 20, 2012abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.48.0/204,096USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PADec 14, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.64.0/198,192USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PADec 10, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.96.0/198,192USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PADec 10, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.128.0/212,048USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAFeb 7, 2011abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.136.0/221,024Argus_internet_Perm1Static distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAJan 27, 2012abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.140.0/221,024USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAMar 21, 2012abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.144.0/204,096USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PADec 14, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.160.0/198,192USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PADec 21, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.192.0/204,096USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PADec 21, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.208.0/204,096USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PADec 23, 2010abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.224.0/212,048USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAMar 2, 2011abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.232.0/212,048USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAMar 2, 2011abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209
└ 178.47.240.0/204,096USI_ADSL_USERSDynamic distribution IP's for broadband servicesASSIGNED PAFeb 21, 2012abuse@rt.ru
via RU-RTK-20100209

A contact marked “via” is the registry's: the record names none of its own, so the registry hands down its parent's.

Composition

The types across the prefix's announced space, by addresses.

Announced space

Address share

Announced space

Types across the prefix

262,144 addresses
TypeAddressesShareRanges
Residential262,143>99%58
VPNanonymizer1<0.01%1

Network & registry

AnnouncementRouting historyRPKI & IRRWhois & abuse
Origin network

AS12389

RU
Name
PJSC Rostelecom
Type
Internet provider
Registered
Jul 1, 2005
Domain
rt.ru
Website
www.company.rt.ru/en/
Industry
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
Spamhaus ASN-DROP
not listed