Data as of Nov 7, 2026
178.88.118.0/24
1 residential-proxy exit · 30 daysJSC Kazakhtelecom
Residential-proxy exits
Proxy exits
1
0.39% of its addresses · 30 days
Providers
1
selling exits here
Oct 8, 2026 – Nov 6, 2026
Exits seen per day
1 observation
Proxy providers listing exits
- RainProxy
Announcements
Less specific
Covering announcements
| Prefix | Origin | Type | Proxy exits | Holder | RPKI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 178.88.0.0/16 since Mar 2019 | AS9198 | Residential | 16,452 168 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom | |
| 178.88.0.0/14 since Dec 2009 | AS9198 | Residential | 63,342 2,012 always on | JSC Kazakhtelecom |
Registrations in this block
The registry's network records over this block, widest first, each under its parent.
| Range | Addresses | Netname | Holder | Type | Created | Abuse contact |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 178.88.0.0/14 | 262,144 | KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 | JSC Kazakhtelecom (ORG-KDNA1-RIPE) · KZ | ALLOCATED PA | Nov 26, 2009 | abuse@ |
| └ 178.88.118.0/30 | 4 | Relavanttorg | TOO Relavant torg, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 19, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.4/30 | 4 | Eurostroy-A | TOO Eurostroy-A, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 22, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.12/30 | 4 | TubkaraganskaiCPB | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 6, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.16/30 | 4 | IPStepanovAV | IP Stepanov Andrei Vitalievich, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 30, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.20/30 | 4 | IPKuvatovAU | IP Kuvatov Azamat Uzakbaevich, Zhanaozen city | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 1, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.24/30 | 4 | IPTUPKARAGANSKAYACRB | IPTUPKARAGANSKAYACRB | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 15, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.28/30 | 4 | TechnoWestLtd | TOO Techno West Ltd, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 7, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.32/30 | 4 | IPSaparovDM | IP Saparov Daulet Myhtybaevich, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 7, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.36/30 | 4 | TOOTrubremcentr | TOO Trubremcentr, Zhanaozen city | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 7, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.44/30 | 4 | ZKO_ | URALSK | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 20, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.48/30 | 4 | OtdelEkonomikiFinansovMangistauskogoRaiona | GU Otdel ekonomiki i financov Mangistauskogo raiona, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 13, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.52/30 | 4 | PartiaNurOtan | Partia Nur Otan, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 17, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.56/29 | 8 | RoyalIndustry | Aktau | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 15, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.64/29 | 8 | SHKOLAMANGISTAU | SHKOLAMANGISTAU | ASSIGNED PA | May 20, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.72/29 | 8 | SHKOLABASKUDYK | SHKOLABASKUDYK | ASSIGNED PA | May 20, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.88/29 | 8 | ZhetybaiskiProfessionalnyiKolledg | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | May 20, 2017 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.96/29 | 8 | KZI | Kazakhstan Ziraat International Bank | ASSIGNED PA | Sep 3, 2015 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.104/29 | 8 | Munaitelekom | Munaitelekom | ASSIGNED PA | May 31, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.112/29 | 8 | CaspianEngineeringCompany | TOO Caspian Engineering Company, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 21, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.120/30 | 4 | IPMurunovaBaian | IP Murunova Baian, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 21, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.124/30 | 4 | AfconsInfraProjectsKazakhstan | TOO Afcons Infra Projects Kazakhstan, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 21, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.128/30 | 4 | IPBekovaRK | IP Bekova Rysty Kelimberdievna, Zhanaozen city | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 21, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.136/29 | 8 | PS4 | AKTAU | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 5, 2025 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.148/30 | 4 | AdTehnologiiDobychi-Munai | TOO Adaptirovannye Tehnologii Dobychi - Munai, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 27, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.152/30 | 4 | IPShaudirbaevZG | IP Shaudirbaev Z.G., Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 28, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.156/30 | 4 | DepartamentStatistiki | GU Departament statistiki Mangistauskoi oblasti | ASSIGNED PA | Oct 29, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.160/30 | 4 | PalataPredprinimateleiMO | Palata predprinimatelei Mangistauskoi oblasti, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 28, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.164/30 | 4 | IPChermianinaOV | IP Chermianina O.V., Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 7, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.168/29 | 8 | IPKuanyshalievB | IP Kuanyshaliev B., Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Nov 3, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.176/30 | 4 | CASPIANCOAST | Aktau | ASSIGNED PA | May 17, 2024 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.180/30 | 4 | OTBASY_ | 46/A Koktem Microdistrict, Zhanaozen, Mangystau Region | ASSIGNED PA | Jan 6, 2026 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.184/30 | 4 | TOO-ABK-Avtodor-NS | TOO ABK-Avtodor NS, s.d. Beiyneu. | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 5, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.188/30 | 4 | GUAktauskiigorodskoicentrsocialnogoobsluzhivaniyanadomu | GU Aktauskii gorodskoi centr socialnogo obsluzhivaniya na domu | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 9, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.192/30 | 4 | JSC_ | JSC Caso | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 18, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.196/30 | 4 | MODT_ | MODT, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 18, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.200/30 | 4 | MODT_ | MODT, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 18, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.204/30 | 4 | MODT_ | MODT, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 18, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.208/30 | 4 | MODT_ | MODT, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 18, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.212/30 | 4 | MODT_ | MODT, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 18, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.216/30 | 4 | MODT_ | MODT, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 18, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.220/30 | 4 | MODT_ | MODT, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 18, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.224/30 | 4 | MODT_ | MODT, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 18, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.228/30 | 4 | MODT_ | MODT, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 18, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.232/30 | 4 | MODT_ | MODT, Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 18, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.236/30 | 4 | IPRusnak | IP Rusnak A.P. Aktau city | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 22, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.240/30 | 4 | TOO_ | TOO Caspian Services Group | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 22, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.248/30 | 4 | IPKONSULSTVOURKMENISTANAVRKAKTAU | unknown | ASSIGNED PA | Mar 16, 2018 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
| └ 178.88.118.252/30 | 4 | IPAkshaeva | IP Akshaeva K.S. | ASSIGNED PA | Dec 22, 2014 | abuse@ via KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126 |
A contact marked “via” is the registry's: the record names none of its own, so the registry hands down its parent's.
Composition
The types across the prefix's announced space, by addresses.
Announced space
Address share
Announced space
Types across the prefix
256 addresses
| Type | Addresses | Share | Ranges | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Business | 228 | 89% | 48 | |
| Residential | 28 | 11% | 6 |
Network & registry
Announced by
Covering announcement 178.88.116.0/22
- Prefix
- 178.88.116.0/22
- Announced by
- AS9198 JSC Kazakhtelecom
- Type
- Residential
- Proxy exits
- 6
- RPKI
- RPKI valid
- Netname
- KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126
- Registrant
- JSC Kazakhtelecom
- RIR
- RIPE NCC
Origin network
AS9198
KZ
- Name
- JSC Kazakhtelecom
- Type
- Internet provider
- Registered
- Feb 23, 1999
- Domain
- telecom.kz
- Website
- www.telecom.kz
- Industry
- Internet Service Provider (ISP)
- Spamhaus ASN-DROP
- not listed
Routing timeline
Covering aggregate above, the prefix's own history below
178.88.116.0/22
Routing history
- Pattern
- Stable
- First seen
- Mar 2014
- Current origin since
- Oct 2016 · 10 yr
- Origin networks
- 1
RPKI
Route origin authorizations
| ROA prefix | ASN | Max len | Anchor | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 178.88.116.0/22 | AS9198 | /22 | RIPE | RPKI valid |
| 178.88.0.0/16 | AS9198 | /24 | RIPE | RPKI valid |
| 178.88.0.0/14 | AS9198 | /24 | RIPE | RPKI valid |
IRR
Route objects on 178.88.116.0/22
| Origin | Registry | Description | Maintainer | Modified |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AS9198 | RIPE | Kazakhtelecom Data Network Administration | KNIC-MNT | Jun 2, 2014 |
Whois
Registration for this announcement
- Range
- 178.
88. 0. 0/ 14 - Netname
- KZ-KAZAKTELECOM-20091126
- Registrant
- JSC Kazakhtelecom
- Registrant country
- KZ
- Organization
- JSC Kazakhtelecom (ORG-KDNA1-RIPE)
- Org country
- KZ
- Type
- ALLOCATED PA
- Created
- Nov 26, 2009
- Updated
- Jun 23, 2016
- Maintainer
- RIPE-NCC-HM-MNT
- RIR
- RIPE NCC
- Country
- KZ
- Delegated
- Nov 26, 2009
- Status
- assigned
Report abuse
Abuse contact
- abuse@
telecom. kz - Name
- Kazakhtelecom Network Information Center
- Handle
- KNIC1-RIPE